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Penulis : Unknown on Wednesday, 30 March 2016 | 04:47
Great and Small Circles
Penulis : Unknown on Monday, 9 December 2013 | 06:06
Monday, 9 December 2013
The horizontal plane, through the centre of the earth, and
perpendicular to the axis of the Earth, forms a boundary line which is a
circle. This circle is called a Great circle. There are other Great Circles, but
this particular Great Circle is called the Equator. Any horizontal plane, not through
the centre of the earth but perpendicular to the axis of thee earth, will also
form a boundary line which is a circle. Such a circle is however called a small
circle or a parallel of latitude or simply a latitude. With the exception of
the Equator, all the parallel of the
latitudes are small circles, because they are formed by horizontal planes which
do not pass through the centre of the Earth.
The Equator is taken as a reference latitude. Latitudes Above the equator are said to be north of the
Equator, while latitudes below the equator are said to be south of the equator.
A vertical plane through the axis of the earth will also form
a boundary line which is a great circle. This Great circle is called a meridian.
Half a meridian is called a longitude.
Just as we have a reference latitude, so also do we have a
reference longitude called, the prime meridian. Longitudes to the left of the prime meridian are
said to be West of the prime Meridian, while longitudes to the right are said
to be East of the Prime meridian.
All Meridians are Great Circles. The prime meridian is
designated as longitude O Degree since it is a reference longitude it passes
through the city of tema in Ghana, and a place in London called Greenwich, and
for this reason, it is sometimes called the Greenwich Meridian.
The Equator also being a reference latitude is designated ad
latitude O Degree. The position of any place on the Earth’s surface is unique
determined if we state the angles of its latitude and longitude.
In figure Above A , B G is the Equator, E A F is a parallel of Latitude north of the Equator while I C J is a parallel of Latitude of south of the Equator.
The Merideian NABCS cuts the parallel of latitude E A F at A the Equaator at B and the parallel of latitude I C J at C.
The minor arc AB subtends angle AOB = a at the centre of the earth and because of this the point A is said to have a latitude a degree north of the Equator. Similarly, the minor arc BC subtends angle COB = b at the centre of the Earth and because of this, the point C is said to have a latitude b degree south of the Equator.
ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSION
3y2+2x-7 is an example of an algebraic expression. the letters y and x stand for numbers. 3y2, is short for 3 x y x y. 3 is the coefficient of y2. algebraic terms may be simplified by combining like terms. thus 3y2+2x-7x=3yx-5x since 2x and 7x are like terms (i.e both terms in x)
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